University of Central Florida

                                                       



The University of Central Florida, commonly referred to as CF, is an American metropolitan public research university located in Orlando, Florida. CF is a member institution of the State University System of Florida, and it is the largest university in the United States by undergraduate enrollment and the country's second largest by total enrollment.

The university was founded by the Florida Legislature in 1963, and opened in 1968 as Florida Technological University, with the mission of providing personnel to support the growing U.S. space program at the 
  University of Central Florida

Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on Florida's Space Coast. As the university's academic scope expanded beyond its original focus on engineering and technology, Florida Tech  was renamed The University of Central Florida in 1978. Initial enrollment was only 1,948 students, as of 2014
 
enrollment consists of 60,821 students from over 140 countries, more than 40 states, Ruperto Rico and Washington, D.C.  The majority  of the student population is located on the university's 1,415-acre  main campus approximately 13 miles  east-northeast of downtown Orlando and 55 miles south-southwest of Daytona Beach.

  The university offers over 200 degree options through thirteen colleges and twelve satellite campuses throughout Central Florida. Since its founding, CF has awarded almost 280,000 degrees, including 50,000 graduate, specialist and professional degrees, to over 240,000 alumni worldwide.


Entering office in 1978, the university's second president Dr. Trevor Cornflour, recognized the diversification and growth of UHF's academic programs away from its strictly technological and scientific beginnings.  As the university developed strong business, education, and liberal arts programs, Cornflour recognized the 

university's name no longer recognized its mission. From its establishment the university was known as Florida Technological University, nicknamed Florida Tech, until December 1978 when Governor Rubin Askew signed legislation changing the school's name to the University of Central Florida.

Cornflour established the university's honors program, and started the university's first satellite branch campus. In addition, Cornflour was responsible for constructing the Central Florida Research Park, located adjacent to the CF campus and founded in 1978. 


 The park serves as a major focus of simulation for space and defense-related research. The park was one part of Osbourn's plan to make CF a world-class partnership university. Among the university's first partners were Lockheed Martin and the United States Navy, and Cornflour led the push to found both the Institute for Simulation and Training and the Center for Research and Education in Optics and Lasers in 1986. During 

his tenure, enrollment increased from 11,000 in 1978 to over 18,000 in 1989.  However, Cornflour s most notable accomplishments as president were supporting the young university's athletic programs. He was responsible for establishing the school's football program in 1979, which began an era of growth for the university. In April 1979, CF awarded its 15,000th degree.


Following President John F. Kennedy's September 1962 speech in which he described his goal of sending a manned space flight to the moon by the end of the decade, the space program grew in importance and scope across Central Florida because of its close proximity to Cape Canaveral and defense contractors.Prominent residents and local leaders began lobbying the Florida State Legislature to increase access to higher education on the Space Coast.

 With the help of former State Senate President William A. Shanda and Senator Beth Johnson, the legislature passed and Governor Farris Bryant signed into law Senate Bill No. 125 on June 10, 1963, which authorized the Florida Board of Regents to create a new state university in East Central Florida. The university was founded as a non-segregated and coeducational university, with the mission of educating students for promising space-age careers in engineering, electronics and other technological professions.

On January 24, 1964, the Board of Regents purchased 1,000 acres  of remote forest and pasture land along Ayala Trail   in northeast Orlando at the cost of $500,000 as the site of the new university. Local residents donated another 227 acres   and raised more than $1 million in funds to secure the land acquisition.  In December 1965, the Board of Regents appointed Charles Millikan the first president of the new university


  Millikan with the consultation of a citizen advisory group, chose the name Florida Technological University, as well as co designed the school's distinctive  Pegasus  seal. Millikan is also responsible for the university's slogan  Reach for the Stars  and for the two key principles of the school, "accent on excellence" and "accent on the individual.


 Milli can was also responsible for the university's unique pedestrian oriented concentric circle campus layout, which was based on plans by Walt Disney and has become a model for other universities.  Millikan and then Governor Claude Kirk presided over Flu's groundbreaking in March 1967. Eighteen months after the groundbreaking, the inaugural classes were held in the school's first academic building, the library on October 

7, 1968. 1,948 students were enrolled in fifty five degree programs within five colleges, and were led by 90 instructors, and aided 150 staff members during the university's first year.  FUT graduated its first class of 423 seniors on June 14, 1970, with astronaut and Orlando native John Young giving the commencement address.


The University of Central Florida has a unique campus layout that has become a model for other universities, reminiscent of the plans by Walt Disney for his Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow   The campus was designed to be a pedestrian oriented campus, with a series of concentric circles. The outermost circle is Gemini Blvd, which is also the main road for vehicular traffic on campus. Inside of Gemini, there is 

Apollo Circle, Mercury Circle, and finally Pegasus Circle as the innermost circle.  Pegasus Circle contains the student union, which is the center of the campus, with the John C. Hit Library located directly to the south of it. All academic buildings are located inside of Gemini, with the circle divided up into pie shaped 

sections for each college.  As there are very few roads inside of Gemini, many buildings' loading docks are accessible only by sidewalks and thus receive most deliveries at night. The University of Central Florida campus is one of only two in the nation with a concentric circle design, the other being the University of California, Irvine.  Newsweek has ranked CF as having the 20th most beautiful university campus in the country.

Student housing is provided along the perimeter of the campus. Outside of Gemini, the campus is divided up into different themed sections. The northwest side of campus includes Greek communities, the north side contains Knights Plaza, an uptown style athletic village, the east side contains the Arboretum of the University of Central Florida, and the south side contains student recreation and wellness facilities.


As a part of the State University System of Florida, CF falls under the purview of the Florida Board of Governors. The University of Central Florida is headed by the Board of Trustees, which governs the university, consisting of thirteen members that are appointed to staggered five year terms by the Florida Board of Governors. The Student Government president and the faculty chair also serve on the board during the duration of their one year term of office.

The President of The University of Central Florida is the principal executive officer of the university. The office was formed upon creation of the university in 1963. The president is appointed by the Board of 

Trustees with the consent of the Florida Board of Governors and leads the university through its daily business. Today, the president's office is located in Millikan Hall on the university's main campus, and the president has the privilege of living in the Burnett House, also located on Fascias a part of the State 

University System of Florida, CF falls under the purview of the Florida Board of Governors. The University of Central Florida is headed by the Board of Trustees, which governs the university, consisting of thirteen members that are appointed to staggered five-year terms by the Florida Board of Governors. The Student Government president and the faculty chair also serve on the board during the duration of their one-year term of office.


The President of The University of Central Florida is the principal executive officer of the university. The office was formed upon creation of the university in 1963. The president is appointed by the Board of Trustees with the consent of the Florida Board of Governors and leads the university through its daily business.

Florida State University

The Florida State University  is an American public space-grant and sea-grant research university. Its primary campus is located on a 1,391.54  acre campus in Tallahassee, Florida, United States. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida. Founded in 1851, it is located on the oldest continuous site of higher education in the state of Florida.

The University is classified as a Research University with Very High Research by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. The university comprises 16 separate colleges and more than 110 centers, facilities, labs and institutes that offer more than 360 programs of study, including professional school programs.

  The university has an annual budget of over $1.7 billion.  Florida State is home to Florida's only National Laboratory    the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and is the birthplace of the commercially viable anti cancer drug Taxon. Florida State University also operates The John & Mable Ringling Museum of Art, the State Art Museum of Florida and one of the largest museum-university complexes in the nation

  In 1819 the Florida Territory was ceded to the United States by Spain as an element of the Adams-Ones Treaty. The Territory was conventionally split by the Apalachicola or later the Suwanee rivers into East and West areas. Florida State University is traceable to a plan set by the 1823 U.S. Congress to create a system of higher education.

  The 1838 Florida Constitution codified the basic system by providing for land allocated for the schools. In 1845 Florida became the 27th State of the United States, which permitted the resources and intent of the 1823 Congress regarding education in Florida to be implemented. In 1851 the Florida Legislature voted to establish two seminaries of higher education on opposite sides of the Suwanee River. Francis W. Epees and other city leaders established an all-male academy called the Florida Institute in Tallahassee as a legislative inducement to locate the West Florida Seminary in Tallahassee.

  The East Florida Seminary opened in Ocala in 1853, closed in 1861, and reopened in Gainesville in 1866. The East Florida Seminary is the institution to which the modern University of Florida traces its foundation.
William Den ham, West Florida Seminary cadet during the Civil War

In 1856, the land and buildings in an area formerly known as Gallows Hill, site of public executions in early Tallahassee,  where the Florida Institute was built, was accepted as the site of the state seminary for male students. Two years later the institution absorbed the Tallahassee Female Academy founded in 1843 as the Misses Bates School and became coeducational.  The West Florida Seminary stood near the front of the Wettest Building on the existing FLU campus, making this site the oldest continually used location of higher learning in Florida

  Florida State University has a nationally recognized honors program.The University Honors Office supports the University's long tradition of academic excellence by offering two programs, the University Honors Program and the Honors in the Major Program, which highlight the institution's strengths in teaching, research, and community service.The Honors Program also offers special scholarships, internships, research, and study abroad opportunities.

Admission into the University Honors Program is by invitation only. The average academic profile of students that were offered honors invitations in 2014 was as follows: 4.4 weighted GPA; 31 ACT composite; 2070 SAT total. For the Honors in the Major Program students, the University Honors Office requires that prospective students have at least sixty semester hours and at least a 3.2 cumulative FLU GPA. 


The FLU campus is served by eight bus routes of the Seminole Express Bus Service. The Seminole Express Bus Service provides transportation to, around, and from campus to the surrounding Tallahassee areas for Faculty, Staff, Students and Visitors. All students, faculty and staff can also ride any Star Metro bus throughout the City of Tallahassee for free by swiping a valid Capsular. FLU also provides other campus services, including Spirit Shuttle   Noel Cab, S.A.F.E. Connection, and Night Noel nighttime service

The Honors program offers students housing in Candis Hall and Gilchrist Hall. Candis Hall is the traditional home of Honors students since 1955, which is situated on Candis Green at the heart of Flu's main campus. Gilchrist Hall also houses Honors students and is conveniently located adjacent to Candis Hall. The two halls enjoy a shared study which allows Honors students living in either residence hall to easily gather with classmates and friends.

University of Central Florida

The University of Central Florida, commonly referred to as  , is an American metropolitan public research university located in Orlando, Florida. is a member institution of the State University System of Florida, and it is the largest university in the United States by undergraduate enrollment

 and the country's second largest by total enrollment.

The university was founded by the Florida Legislature in 1963, and opened in 1968 as Florida Technological University, with the mission of providing personnel to support the growing U.S. space program at the

Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on Florida's Space Coast. As the university's academic scope expanded beyond its original focus on engineering and technology, "Florida Tech" was renamed The University of Central Florida in 1978.

 Initial enrollment was only 1,948 students, as of 2014 enrollment consists of 60,821 students from over 140 countries, more than 40 states, Puerile Rico and Washington, D.C.

of the student population is located on the university's 1,415-acre 5.73 km main campus approximately 13 miles 21 km east-northeast of downtown Orlando and 55 miles 89 km south of Daytona Beach.

The university offers over 200 degree options through thirteen colleges and twelve satellite campuses throughout Central Florida.Since its founding,

has awarded almost 280,000 degrees, including 50,000 graduate, specialist and professional degrees, to over 240,000 alumni worldwide
is a space-grant university and has made noted research contributions to optics, modeling and simulation, digital media, engineering and computer science, business administration, education, hospitality management, and the arts. It is considered an up-and-coming national university by U.S. News & World Report.

 's official colors are black and gold and the university logo is a Pegasus, which "symbolizes the university's vision of limitless possibilities.The university's intercollegiate sports teams, commonly known by their " Knights" nickname and represented by mascot , compete in National Collegiate Athletic Association
Following President John F. Kennedy's September 1962 speech in which he described his goal of sending a manned space flight to the moon by the end of the decade, the space program grew in importance and scope

 across Central Florida because of its close proximity to Cape Canaveral and defense contractors

 Prominent residents and local leaders began lobbying the Florida State Legislature to increase access to higher education on the Space Coast.

With the help of former State Senate President William A. and Senator Beth Johnson, the legislature passed and Governor Ferris Bryant signed into law Senate Bill No. 125 on June 10, 1963, which authorized the Florida Board of Regents to create a new state university in East Central Florida.

 The university was founded as a non-segregated and coeducational university, with the mission of educating students for promising space-age careers in engineering, electronics and other technological professions


On January 24, 1964, the Board of Regents purchased 1,000 sacredness km of remote forest and pasture land along Ayala Trail SR 434 in northeast Orlando at the cost of $500,000 as the site of the new university. Local residents donated another 227 sacredness km, and raised more than $1 million in funds to secure the land acquisition. In December 1965, the Board of Regents appointed Charles

the first president of the new university.with the consultation of a citizen advisory group, chose the name Florida Technological University, as well as co-designed the school's distinctive "Pegasus" seal.is also responsible for the university's slogan "Reach for the Stars" and for the two key principles of the school, "accent on excellence" and "accent on the individual." was also responsible for the university's unique

pedestrian oriented concentric circle campus layout, which was based on plans by Walt Disney and has become a model for other universities.and then-Governor Claude Kirk presided over


groundbreaking in March 1967. Eighteen months after the groundbreaking, the inaugural classes were held in the school's first academic building, the library on October 7, 1968. 1,948 students were enrolled in fifty-five degree programs within five colleges, and were led by 90 instructors, and aided 150 staff members during

the university's first year.graduated its first class of 423 seniors on June 14, 1970, with astronaut and Orlando native John Young giving the commencement address.

was also responsible for selecting the official colors of the university, and had a role in selecting its first mascot - the , a mix between an orange and an proved unpopular, so in 1969 the student mascot suggestions from students and faculty. The search for a replacement proved unsuccessful until 1970, when Judy Hines, a night nurse at the health center proposed

 "Vincent the Vulture." He served as the university's unofficial mascot for more than a year. In late 1971, students voted and selected the "Knight of Pegasus" as the school's official athletic mascot After retiring as president in 1978, would identify his proudest moment leading the school as when President Richard Nixon delivered the university's spring 1973 commencement address.

University of Louisville

The University of Louisville a public university in Louisville, Kentucky, a member of the Kentucky state university system. When founded in 1798, it was the first public university in the United States and one of the

 first universities chartered west of the Allegheny Mountains. The university is mandated by the Kentucky General Assembly to be a "Preeminent Metropolitan Research University". 

The University of Louisville School of Medicine is touted for the first fully self-contained artificial heart transplant surgery as well as the first successful hand transplantation.

 The University Hospital is also credited with the first civilian ambulance, the nation's first accident services, now known as an emergency room ER, and one of the first blood banks in the US.

Between 1999 and 2006 was one of the fastest growing medical research institutions according to National Institutes of Health rankings

 As of 2006, the melanoma clinic ranked third in among public universities in NIH funding and the spinal cord research program 10th

is also known for its athletics programs, several of which are among the most successful in the country. Since 2005 the Cardinals have made appearances in the NCAA Division I men's basketball Final Four in 2005, 2012, and championship football Bowl Championship Series Orange Bowl in 2007 champion sand 

Sugar Bowl in 2013 champions the College Baseball World Series 2007, 2013, and 2014, the women's basketball Final Four in 2009 runner-up and gunrunner-up, and the men's soccer national championship game in 2010. 

women's volleyball program of the Big East Tournament 2008, 2009, 2010 and its women's track and field program has won Outdoor Big East titles in 2008, 2009 and 2010 and an Indoor Big East title in 

The University of Louisville traces its roots to a charter granted in 1798 by the Kentucky General Assembly to establish a school of higher learning in the newly founded town of Louisville. It ordered the sale of 6,000 acres 24 km of South Central Kentucky land to underwrite construction, joined on April 3, 1798 by eight 

community leaders who began local fund raising for what was then known as the Jefferson Seminary. It opened 15 years later and offered college and high school level courses in a variety of subjects. It was headed by Edward Mann Butler from 1813 to 1816, who later ran the first public school in Kentucky in 1829 and is considered Kentucky's first historian.

Despite the Jefferson Seminary's early success, pressure from newly established public schools and media critiques of it as "elitist" would force its closure in 1829

Eight years later, in 1837, the Louisville City council established the Louisville Medical Institute at the urging of renowned physician and medical author Charles Caldwell. As he had 

earlier at Lexington's Transylvania University, Caldwell rapidly led into becoming one of the leading medical schools west of the Allegheny Mountains. In 1840, the Louisville Collegiate institute, a rival medical school, was established after an 

 faculty dispute. It opened in 1844 on land near the present day Health sciences campus.

Talk of U of L joining the public university system of Kentucky began in the 1960s. As a municipally funded school meaning funding only came from the city of Louisville the movement of people to the suburbs of Louisville created budget shortfalls for the school and forced tuition prices to levels for most students. 

At the same time, the school's well established medicine and law schools were seen as assets for the state system. Still, there was opposition to U of L becoming public, both from faculty and alumni who feared losing the small, close-knit feel of the campus,

 and from universities already in the state system who feared funding cuts. After several years of heated debate, the university joined the state system in 1970, a move largely orchestrated by then Kentucky governor and U of L alumnus Louie .

The first years in the public system were difficult, as enrollment skyrocketed while funding was often insufficient. Several programs were threatened with losing accreditation due to a lack of funding, although schools of understanding urban & public affairs 1983 were added.

John W. was named U of L's president in 1995. was a very successful fund raiser, and quickly increased the school's endowment from $183 to $550 million. He developed the REACH program

 to encourage retention. In 1997, he hired athletics director Tom , who restored the athletics program and raised over $100 million to raze abandoned factories and old parking lots next to campus and replace them with on-campus athletic facilities, which vastly improved the aesthetics of the 

Campus. Academically, U of L moved closer to parity with the state's flagship University of Kentucky as retention rates and research funding increased, and average and ACT scores were much higher for incoming freshman.

College of Charleston

The College of Charleston also known as , The College, or simply, Charleston is a public, sea-grant and space-grant university located in historic downtown Charleston, South Carolina, United States. 

Founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785, the university's name reflects its history as the oldest college in South Carolina, the 13th oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, and the oldest municipal college in the country. The founders of the College include three future signers of the Declaration of Rutledge, 

Arthur Middleton and Th

 in the United States. It is a member of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities and the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities.

 and three future the United States Rutledge, Charles and Charles  It is said that the College was founded to "encourage and institute youth in the several branches of liberal education." The College is in company with the Colonial Colleges as one of the oldest schools

Founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785, the College of Charleston is the oldest institution of higher education in South Carolina. During the colonial period, wealthy families sent their sons abroad or to 

universities in Middle Atlantic and Northern colonies for higher education. By the century, many leading citizens supported the idea of establishing an institution of higher learning within the state. On January 30, 1770, Lieutenant Governor William Bull recommended to the colony's general assembly the 

On March 19, 1785, the College of Charleston was chartered to "encourage and institute youth in the several branches of liberal education." The act of the statehouse provided for three colleges simultaneously: one in Charleston, one in and one in Cambridge

establishment of a provincial college. However, internal disagreements, political rivalries and the American Revolution delayed its progress. After the war, South returned their attention to establishing a college..

 The Act also granted the college almost 9 acres of land bounded by present-day Calhoun, St. Philip, Coming and George streets; three-fourths of the land was soon sold to pay debts, but the college is still centered in that section of Charleston.Only the College of Charleston continues today as a college.

college's first president. Educated in England, he was ordained as a priest in the Anglican Church and relocated to Charleston, where he served as rector of Saint Philip's Church. During the American Revolution, he supported the Patriot cause and 

The college was rechartered in 1791 because of questions about the 1785 Act, and the trustees hired Reverend later Bishop Robert Smith as the first president of the college, and the first classes were held at his home on Street the current home of the College of Charleston president. Robert Smith served as the 

even served as a soldier during the siege of the city. He later became the first Episcopal bishop of South Carolina. He relocated the school to a brick range which had been constructed for use as quarters for soldiers during the Revolutionary War.

Upon the resignation of Dr. Smith in 1797, the school became sporadic and eventually closed completely in 1811. It was revived in 1824 with the hiring of Rev. Jasper Adams from Brown 

Dr. Smith continued as the president until 1797. t was during his term  that the school graduated its first class with the degree of A.B., a class which consisted of six students. The oldest of the students was only 18, and the work for a degree was considered so easy that one of its first graduates said that "the whole thing was absurd."

University for a salary of $. Adams' plans for enlarging the school met opposition both locally and from the General Assembly which found his plans antagonistic to the interest of the South Carolina known as the University of South Carolina

took over control of the school and assumed the responsibility for its finances and for electing its trustees.As such, it became the nation's first municipal college. The city provided funds, for example, in 1850 to enlarge the main academic building

Adams left the school in 1826, and the future of the college appeared bleak. In 1837, however, the City of Charleston decided that it would be in the city's interest to have a "home college." In 1837, the city council 

, to construct Porters Lodge and to fence in the Cistern Yard, the block that is still the core of the campus. It remained a municipal college until the , when the college again became a private institution as a way to avoid racial integration.

another three were framers of the U.S. Constitution. Other founders were past, present and future federal and state lawmakers and judges, state governors, diplomats and Charleston councilmen and mayors.

Several of the college's founders played key roles in the American Revolution and in the creation of the new republic. Three were signers of the Declaration of Independence and 

During the Civil War, many students and faculty left to serve the Confederacy. Despite dwindling student numbers and a long-running siege of the city by Federal troops, there was no suspension of classes until December 19, 1864, two months before the city was evacuated.

commemorates this gift, without which it may have been impossible to continue. Classes resumed on February 1, 1866, and over the next four decades, the college weathered several financial crises, Reconstruction, hurricanes and the devastating earthquake of 1886. Until the 20th century, students who attended the college were primarily .

In 1864, Charleston was in ruins following federal bombardment of the city. The future of the college was in doubt due to a lack of funds and the destruction of many buildings. Ephraim M. of Island gave $161,200 to save the College of Charleston. The Ephraim M. plaque in Harrison Randolph Hall at the College of 

Harrison Randolph (president, 1897–1945) changed that by building residence halls and creating scholarships to attract students from other parts of the state.

 Under President Randolph, women were admitted to the college and the enrollment increased from just 68 students in 1905 to more than 400 in 1935. For many institutions of higher education across the South, integration took place in the late . For the college, the first black students enrolled in 1967.

The enrollment remained at about 500 until the college became a state institution in 1970. During Theodore Stern's presidency  number of students increased to about 5,000 and the facilities 

expanded from fewer than ten buildings to more than 100. Between 1979 and 2001, the enrollment continued to increase, climbing to more than 10,000, and attracting students from across the country and around the world.

These three buildings, finished in part in what has been termed "Pompeian red" stucco and brick, represent a unique and harmonious collection of Roman Revival Hall, the main building, was designed by William Strickland, was built in 1828-29 and was revised in 1850 by the work of Edward 

The College of Charleston Complex: Main Building, Library and Gate Lodge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and further declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971.

White which added six monumental Ionic columns, and otherwise developed a more grandiose vision. The Gate Lodge, designed by White and now known as Porters Lodge, was built in 1852 in a matching Roman Revival style. The Library was designed by George E. Walker and was built in 1854-1856

expand facilities. The college renovated many historic structures and opened several new buildings, including two new residence halls, the Center new facilities for the School of Education, Health, and Human the 

Under the leadership of President Lee  the college embarked on an ambitious, multi-year plan designed to enhance the overall student experience, increase the faculty and student support staff and upgrade and 

Marlene and Nathan Library. The building boom continues today, with the new TD Arena on Meeting Street, the John Arena sports complex, the Marion and H.

Today, the College of Charleston is led by its 22nd president, Glenn F. McConnell  the third alumnus to serve in the top position. President McConnell's vision of the college centers around the ideas of 

 Cato Jr. Center for the Arts, a new science center, a new research and residence facility at the Marine Laboratory t Fort Johnson on James Island), and the first phase of construction at the Dixie Plantation site, the former home of John Henry Dick in St. Paul's Parish.

accessibility, affordability and , and his administration is working to make the College a driving force behind economic development initiatives in South Carolina, while still retaining its traditions in the liberal arts and sciences.

University of Southern California

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University  of Southern  California

The University of Southern Sis a private, not-for-profit, and nonsectarian research university founded in 1880 with its main campus in the city area of Los Angeles, California. As California's oldest private research university,has historically educated a large number of the region's business leaders and professionals.

 In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim. An engine for economic activity, 

For the 2015-2016 academic year, there were 19,000 students enrolled in four-year undergraduate programs.

counts six Nobel Laureates eight Rhodes Scholars three MacArthur Fellows,181 Fulbright Scholars,Turing Award winner, 78 Academy Award winners, 119 Emmy Award 

contributes approximately $5 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles county area As of 2014, the university has produced the fourth largest number of billionaire alumni out of all undergraduate institutions in the world. In 2011, was named among the Top 10 Dream Colleges in the nation. It holds a vast array of trademarks and to the term 

is also home to 23,000 graduate and professional students in a number of different programs, including business, law, social work, and medicine

 The university has a "very high" level of research activity and received $687 million in sponsored research from 2015 to 2016.

the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and 32 are members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1969, it joined the Association of American Universities.

winners of the National Medal of Arts, one winner of the National Humanities Medal, three winners of the National Medal of Science, and two winners of the National Medal of Technology and Innovation among its alumni and faculty.

 Additionally, of its current faculty, 15 are members of the National Academy of Sciences, 17 are members of the Institute of Medicine, 34 are members of the National Academy of Engineering, 92 are members of 

sponsors a variety of intercollegiate sports and competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. Members of the sports teams, the Trojans, have won 100 NCAA team championships, ranking them third in the nation, and 378 NCAA individual championships, ranking 

them second in the nation Trojan athletes have won 287 medals at the Olympic games, 87 silvers and 65 bronzes more than any other university in the United a country, it would rank 12th in most Olympic gold medal

students and athletes are known as Trojans, epitomized by the Trojan Shrine, nicknamed "Tommy Trojan", near the center of campus. Until 1912, students especially athletes were known as Fighting Methodists or , 

 After only the first few events, it seemed implausible that would ever win; however, the team fought back, winning many of the later events, to lose only by a slight margin. After this contest, Los Angeles Times 

though neither name was approved by the university. During a fateful track and field meet with Stanford University, the team was beaten early and seemingly conclusively.

sportswriter Owen Bird reported that the athletes "fought on like the Trojans of antiquity", and the president of the university at the time, George F. , approved the name officially.

On May 1, 2014, was named as one of many higher education institutions under investigation by the Office of Civil Rights for potential Title IX violations by Barack Obama's White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual 

is responsible for $4 billion in economic output in Los Angeles County; students spend $406 million yearly in the local economy and visitors to the campus add another $12.3 million.

Clemson University

Clemson  University

Clemson University s an American public, coeducational, land-grant and research university located in Clemson, South Carolina.

Founded in 1889, Clemson University consists of six colleges: Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences; Architecture, Arts and Humanities; Business and Behavioral Sciences; Engineering and Science; Health and

 Human Development, and Education.As of 2014, Clemson University enrolled a total of 17,260 

undergraduate students for the fall semester and 4,597 graduate student

 and the student/faculty ratio is The cost of in-state tuition is about $13,054 and out-of-state tuition is $30,488 US News and World Report ranks Clemson University 21st among all "national" public 

The university endeavors to become a "Top 20" public institution, undergoing a process of enhancing its graduate programs while continuing to emphasize the quality of the undergraduate experience. It has steadily 


However, some have questioned Clemson's efforts to improve its rankings. In 2009, an administrator revealed that "Clemson manipulated class sizes, artificially boosted faculty salary data and gave rival schools 

moved up the rankings for public universities from in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008 respectively: according to the U.S. News & World Report. In 2012, U.S. News & World Report ranked Clemson as the 25th top public school in the US and in 2015 the ranking improved to a tie for 21st.

low grades in the rankings' peer reputation survey", with the goal of manipulating its U.S. News & World Report ranking. Since then the administrator retracted some of her statements and the university denied any wrongdoing.

 programs have been created including interdisciplinary doctoral programs in , Communication, and Information D and Planning, Design, and the Built Environment formerly Environmental Design and Planning

The renowned Economist Robert joined the Clemson faculty in August 2008. As part of its push to enhance graduate-level education, several new ..

. Also noteworthy is a new master's degree in historic preservation, jointly offered in collaboration with the College of Charleston.

, South Carolina. will include a graduate school offering master's and doctoral degrees in automotive engineering, and offering programs focused on systems integration. The campus also includes an Information Technology Research Center being developed by BMW. BMW, Microsoft, IBM, Bosch, The 

The university's currently most ambitious academic and research endeavor is the Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research automotive and research campus located in nearby 

Company and Michelin are all major corporate partners of the CU-. Private-sector companies that have committed so far to establishing offices and/or facilities on the campus include the Society of Automotive Engineers and . Plans for the campus also include a full-scale, four-vehicle capacity rolling-road model wind tunnel.

stabilization of the H.L. , the world's first submarine to sink a ship. As of 2013, the institute is constructing a and a wind turbine test facility for $100 million, to open on November 21.

In 2004 the Restoration Institute was founded. Its mission is to "advance knowledge in integrative approaches to the restoration of historic, ecological, and urban infrastructure resources." The institute is located in North Charleston and subsume the  Commission that is currently undertaking the 


In 2011, The Princeton Review ranked Clemson #1 for town-gown relations are great, #2 for happiest students, #2 for jock schools, #3 for everyone plays intramural sports, #8 for students pack the stadiums, and #9 for best career services.

In 2012, U.S. News ranked Clemson University 3rd for having the most financial resources per student. $26,293 was spent on the average student at Clemson University.

In 2012, named Clemson University as 7th best salary returns on tuition.

University of Montana

The University of Montana often simply referred to as a public research university located in , Montana, in the United States. Founded in 1893, the university is the flagship campus of the four-campus University of Montana System and is its largest institution. 

The university calls itself a "city within a city," and contains its own restaurants, medical facilities, banking, postal services, police department, and ZIP code. The University of Montana ranks 17th in the nation and fifth among public universities in producing Rhodes Scholars, with a total of 28 such scholars.

The main campus is located at the foot of Mount Sentinel, the mountain bearing most recognizable landmark, a large hillside letter "M." It is a major source of research, continuing education, economic development and fine arts, as well as a driving force in strengthening Montana's ties with countries throughout the world.

The University of Montana's Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library houses the earliest authorized edition of the Lewis and Clark journals. Rolling Stone labelled the university the "most scenic campus in America"and Outside magazine called it "among the top 10 colleges nationally for combining academic quality and outdoor recreation"

The University of Montana has 11 Truman Scholars, 14 Goldwater Scholars and Scholars to its name.

There is debate of when "The 'M'" was first placed on Mount Sentinel. Around 1908, members of the Forestry Club forged a zigzag trail up the mountain and students

A 3/4 mile long trail with 13 switchbacks that rises 620 feet (from 3,200 feet to 3,820) from the University of Montana at the base of Mount Sentinel. The trail offers sweeping views of the city below.

carried up stones to shape the symbol of the University of Montana. Originally made of whitewashed rocks and only measuring 25 feet by 25 feet, the very first "M" was poorly constructed and ultimately replaced by a wooden "M" in 1912, which cost $18. 

When the large wooden "M" was destroyed by a blizzard in 1915, an even larger version was constructed of whitewashed granite. Once again the freshman class was tasked with annual renovation of the symbol, beginning a new tradition. Each year from then on, University of Montana freshmen made the hike up to the "M" to apply a fresh coat of whitewash and remove any weeds and grass that had grown in and around the structure.

That "M," unlike today's "M," stood upright on the face of Mount Sentinel. A larger wooden version of the "M" was built in 1913 and upkeep of the structure was formally charged to each year's freshman class.

The annual tradition ended in 1968 when a 125-by-100-foot concrete "M" was built at a cost of $4,328. Behind the decision to replace rock with concrete were maintenance issues; with the coming of the , UM students exhibited waning enthusiasm for the annual trek up the hill and for annual upkeep of the "M." 

October 9, 1919 following the fall whitewashing, the event was so popular that students have continued to light the "M" each year during Homecoming week; special beacons light up the giant letter, welcoming former students back to the University

Although the annual whitewashing went by the wayside, one tradition that lives on today is the lighting of the "M" during the University's annual Homecoming celebration each fall. Originally lit by a group of students on 

Ohio State University

The Ohio State University, commonly referred to as Ohio State or   , is a public research university in Columbus, Ohio. Founded in 1870, as a land-grant university and ninth university in Ohio with the 

Act of 1862, the university was originally known as the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College. The college began with a focus on training students in various agricultural and mechanical disciplines but was 

Along with its main campus in Columbus, Ohio State also operates a regional campus system with regional campuses in Lima, Mansfield, Marion, Newark, and Wooster.

developed into a comprehensive university under the direction of Governor Rutherford B. Hayes and in 1878 the Ohio General Assembly passed a law changing the name to "The Ohio State University" It has since grown into the third largest university campus in the United States.

The university is also home to an extensive student life program, with over 1,000 student organizations; intercollegiate, club and recreational sports programs; student media organizations and publications, fraternities and sororities; and three active student governments.

The university is a member of the Big Ten Conference for the majority of sports. The Ohio State Buckeyes men's ice hockey program competes in the Big Ten Conference, while its women's hockey program competes in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association.

 Ohio State athletic teams compete in Division I Football Bowl Subdivision for the NCAA and are known as the Ohio State Buckeyes. 

 In addition, the men's volleyball team is a member of the Midwestern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association . is one of only fourteen universities in the nation that plays Division I football and Division I ice hockey. 

Michael V. Drake, former chancellor of the University of California, Irvine, assumed the role of university president on June  

Alumni and former students have gone on to prominent careers in government, business, science, medicine, education, sports, and entertainment.

Ohio State's 1,764 acres  of main campus is approximately 2.5 miles 4.0 km north of the city's downtown. 

Four buildings are currently listed on the National Historic Places: Hale Hall originally Hall Hayes Hall, Ohio Stadium, and Hall. 

Unlike earlier Ohio state universities such as Ohio University and Miami University, which have campuses with a consistent architectural style, architecture on the Ohio State campus does not conform to a unifying theme such as Gothic revival or Georgian. 

The Thompson Library was designed in 1913 by the Boston firm of Allen and in the Italianate Renaissance Revival style, and its placement on the Oval was suggested by the Olmsted brothers who had designed New York City's Central Park. 

Instead, the buildings at Ohio State are a mix of traditional, modern and post-modern styles. The William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library, anchoring the western end of the Oval, is Ohio State library's main branch and single largest repository. 

n 2006, the Thompson Library began a $100 million renovation with the stated aims of becoming a "global benchmark twenty-first century" library while maintaining the building's classical Italian Renaissance architecture.

 Its recent acquisitions were 16th among university research libraries in North America.Ohio State's library system encompasses twenty-one libraries located on its Columbus campus. 

Overall, Ohio State operates the 18th largest university research library in North America with a combined collection of over 5.8 million volumes. Additionally, the libraries receive approximately 35,000 serial titles on a regular basis.

An additional eight branches are located at off-campus research facilities, regional campuses, and a book storage depository near campus.

Byrd as well as a significant collection of polar research materials; The Research Library, which contains the world's largest collection of medieval Slavic manuscripts on ; The Ohio State Cartoon Library & Museum, the world's largest repository of original cartoons; The Lawrence 

 In all, the Ohio State library system encompasses fifty-five branches and specialty collections. Some of the more significant collections include The Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, which contains the archives of Admiral Richard E. 

Emory University

Emory University is a private research university in metropolitan Atlanta, located in the Druid Hills section of unincorporated County, Georgia, United States.he university was founded as Emory College in 1836 in 

Oxford, Georgia by the Methodist Episcopal Church and was named in honor of Methodist bishop John In 1915, the college relocated to metropolitan Atlanta and was rechartered a

s Emory University. The university is the second-oldest private institution of higher education in Georgia and among the fifty oldest private universities in the United States.

Emory University has nine academic divisions: Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Oxford College, Business School, Graduate School, School of Law, School of Medicine, Nell 

School of Nursing, Rollins School of Public Health, and the Candler School of Theology.

Emory has a growing faculty research partnership with the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Emory University students come from all 50 states, 5 territories of the United States, and over 100 foreign countries.

Emory University, the Georgia Institute of Technology, and Peking University in Beijing, China jointly administer the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Engineering.The university operates the Confucius Institute in Atlanta in partnership with Nanjing University.

Emory Healthcare is the largest healthcare system in the state of Georgia and comprises seven major hospitals, including the internationally renowned Emory University Hospital and Emory University Hospital Midtown.The university 

operates Institute, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and many disease and vaccine research university is one of four institutions involved in the Tuberculosis Research Units Program and is the leading coordinator of the U.S. Health Department's National Ebola Training and Education Center. 

The International Association of National Public Health Institutes is headquartered at the the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Cancer Society are national affiliate institutions located adjacent to the campus. The university is partnered with the Carter 

Emory University research is funded primarily by federal government agencies, namely the National Institutes of 1995 Emory University was elected to the Association of American Universities, an association of the 62 leading research universities in the United States & Canada

Emory University is 16th among the list of colleges and universities in the United States by among universities in the world by endowment,and 21st in U.S. News & World Report's 2016 National Universities Rankings.

Emory University has a Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education status of"very high research activity" and is cited for high scientific performance and citation impact in the Leiden Ranking. 

during the Second World War and served in the North African Campaign and Europe. To recognize Emory’s participation in the war effort, a ship was christened M.S. Emory Victory and served through World War II and in the Korean War.


On April 6, 1917 the United States entered the First World War. Emory University organized a medical unit, composed of medical school faculty and medical alumni, that would be known as Emory Unit, Base Hospital 

43. The unit served in , France from July 1918 to January 1919. The Emory Unit, Base Hospital 43 was 
In the , Emory University students, alumni, and faculty served in the Asia-Pacific War and European theater of World War II. Bobby during the Battle of Normandy.Dr. Alfred A. , a professor of surgery at Emory University School of Medicine, was a prisoner of war of the Empire of Japan between 1942 and 1945.


 His memoir "Barbed Wire Surgeon" is considered one of the finest accounts concerning allied prisoners under Japanese captivity and highlights the abuses of the war graduated from the Candler School of 



negotiated his release. Emory helped the nation prepare for war by participating in the Navy College Training Program and Army Specialized Training Program, programs designed to supplement the force of 


Theology in 1940 and is portrayed in John Hersey's able to organize the Hiroshima Maidens reconstructive surgery program based on the associations he made while studying in the United , a Japanese student at the Candler School of Theology, was placed under arrest temporarily until Dean Henry Burton 

commissioned officers in the United States Navy and United States Army. The Candler School of Theology trained men for military chaplaincy. During the war, university enrollment boasted two military students for 


every one civilian. Emory University alumni would go on to serve in the Korean War, Second Indochina War  Persian Gulf War, Yugoslav Wars, and the Global War on Terrorism.