College of Charleston

The College of Charleston also known as , The College, or simply, Charleston is a public, sea-grant and space-grant university located in historic downtown Charleston, South Carolina, United States. 

Founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785, the university's name reflects its history as the oldest college in South Carolina, the 13th oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, and the oldest municipal college in the country. The founders of the College include three future signers of the Declaration of Rutledge, 

Arthur Middleton and Th

 in the United States. It is a member of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities and the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities.

 and three future the United States Rutledge, Charles and Charles  It is said that the College was founded to "encourage and institute youth in the several branches of liberal education." The College is in company with the Colonial Colleges as one of the oldest schools

Founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785, the College of Charleston is the oldest institution of higher education in South Carolina. During the colonial period, wealthy families sent their sons abroad or to 

universities in Middle Atlantic and Northern colonies for higher education. By the century, many leading citizens supported the idea of establishing an institution of higher learning within the state. On January 30, 1770, Lieutenant Governor William Bull recommended to the colony's general assembly the 

On March 19, 1785, the College of Charleston was chartered to "encourage and institute youth in the several branches of liberal education." The act of the statehouse provided for three colleges simultaneously: one in Charleston, one in and one in Cambridge

establishment of a provincial college. However, internal disagreements, political rivalries and the American Revolution delayed its progress. After the war, South returned their attention to establishing a college..

 The Act also granted the college almost 9 acres of land bounded by present-day Calhoun, St. Philip, Coming and George streets; three-fourths of the land was soon sold to pay debts, but the college is still centered in that section of Charleston.Only the College of Charleston continues today as a college.

college's first president. Educated in England, he was ordained as a priest in the Anglican Church and relocated to Charleston, where he served as rector of Saint Philip's Church. During the American Revolution, he supported the Patriot cause and 

The college was rechartered in 1791 because of questions about the 1785 Act, and the trustees hired Reverend later Bishop Robert Smith as the first president of the college, and the first classes were held at his home on Street the current home of the College of Charleston president. Robert Smith served as the 

even served as a soldier during the siege of the city. He later became the first Episcopal bishop of South Carolina. He relocated the school to a brick range which had been constructed for use as quarters for soldiers during the Revolutionary War.

Upon the resignation of Dr. Smith in 1797, the school became sporadic and eventually closed completely in 1811. It was revived in 1824 with the hiring of Rev. Jasper Adams from Brown 

Dr. Smith continued as the president until 1797. t was during his term  that the school graduated its first class with the degree of A.B., a class which consisted of six students. The oldest of the students was only 18, and the work for a degree was considered so easy that one of its first graduates said that "the whole thing was absurd."

University for a salary of $. Adams' plans for enlarging the school met opposition both locally and from the General Assembly which found his plans antagonistic to the interest of the South Carolina known as the University of South Carolina

took over control of the school and assumed the responsibility for its finances and for electing its trustees.As such, it became the nation's first municipal college. The city provided funds, for example, in 1850 to enlarge the main academic building

Adams left the school in 1826, and the future of the college appeared bleak. In 1837, however, the City of Charleston decided that it would be in the city's interest to have a "home college." In 1837, the city council 

, to construct Porters Lodge and to fence in the Cistern Yard, the block that is still the core of the campus. It remained a municipal college until the , when the college again became a private institution as a way to avoid racial integration.

another three were framers of the U.S. Constitution. Other founders were past, present and future federal and state lawmakers and judges, state governors, diplomats and Charleston councilmen and mayors.

Several of the college's founders played key roles in the American Revolution and in the creation of the new republic. Three were signers of the Declaration of Independence and 

During the Civil War, many students and faculty left to serve the Confederacy. Despite dwindling student numbers and a long-running siege of the city by Federal troops, there was no suspension of classes until December 19, 1864, two months before the city was evacuated.

commemorates this gift, without which it may have been impossible to continue. Classes resumed on February 1, 1866, and over the next four decades, the college weathered several financial crises, Reconstruction, hurricanes and the devastating earthquake of 1886. Until the 20th century, students who attended the college were primarily .

In 1864, Charleston was in ruins following federal bombardment of the city. The future of the college was in doubt due to a lack of funds and the destruction of many buildings. Ephraim M. of Island gave $161,200 to save the College of Charleston. The Ephraim M. plaque in Harrison Randolph Hall at the College of 

Harrison Randolph (president, 1897–1945) changed that by building residence halls and creating scholarships to attract students from other parts of the state.

 Under President Randolph, women were admitted to the college and the enrollment increased from just 68 students in 1905 to more than 400 in 1935. For many institutions of higher education across the South, integration took place in the late . For the college, the first black students enrolled in 1967.

The enrollment remained at about 500 until the college became a state institution in 1970. During Theodore Stern's presidency  number of students increased to about 5,000 and the facilities 

expanded from fewer than ten buildings to more than 100. Between 1979 and 2001, the enrollment continued to increase, climbing to more than 10,000, and attracting students from across the country and around the world.

These three buildings, finished in part in what has been termed "Pompeian red" stucco and brick, represent a unique and harmonious collection of Roman Revival Hall, the main building, was designed by William Strickland, was built in 1828-29 and was revised in 1850 by the work of Edward 

The College of Charleston Complex: Main Building, Library and Gate Lodge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and further declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971.

White which added six monumental Ionic columns, and otherwise developed a more grandiose vision. The Gate Lodge, designed by White and now known as Porters Lodge, was built in 1852 in a matching Roman Revival style. The Library was designed by George E. Walker and was built in 1854-1856

expand facilities. The college renovated many historic structures and opened several new buildings, including two new residence halls, the Center new facilities for the School of Education, Health, and Human the 

Under the leadership of President Lee  the college embarked on an ambitious, multi-year plan designed to enhance the overall student experience, increase the faculty and student support staff and upgrade and 

Marlene and Nathan Library. The building boom continues today, with the new TD Arena on Meeting Street, the John Arena sports complex, the Marion and H.

Today, the College of Charleston is led by its 22nd president, Glenn F. McConnell  the third alumnus to serve in the top position. President McConnell's vision of the college centers around the ideas of 

 Cato Jr. Center for the Arts, a new science center, a new research and residence facility at the Marine Laboratory t Fort Johnson on James Island), and the first phase of construction at the Dixie Plantation site, the former home of John Henry Dick in St. Paul's Parish.

accessibility, affordability and , and his administration is working to make the College a driving force behind economic development initiatives in South Carolina, while still retaining its traditions in the liberal arts and sciences.

University of Southern California

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University  of Southern  California

The University of Southern Sis a private, not-for-profit, and nonsectarian research university founded in 1880 with its main campus in the city area of Los Angeles, California. As California's oldest private research university,has historically educated a large number of the region's business leaders and professionals.

 In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim. An engine for economic activity, 

For the 2015-2016 academic year, there were 19,000 students enrolled in four-year undergraduate programs.

counts six Nobel Laureates eight Rhodes Scholars three MacArthur Fellows,181 Fulbright Scholars,Turing Award winner, 78 Academy Award winners, 119 Emmy Award 

contributes approximately $5 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles county area As of 2014, the university has produced the fourth largest number of billionaire alumni out of all undergraduate institutions in the world. In 2011, was named among the Top 10 Dream Colleges in the nation. It holds a vast array of trademarks and to the term 

is also home to 23,000 graduate and professional students in a number of different programs, including business, law, social work, and medicine

 The university has a "very high" level of research activity and received $687 million in sponsored research from 2015 to 2016.

the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and 32 are members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1969, it joined the Association of American Universities.

winners of the National Medal of Arts, one winner of the National Humanities Medal, three winners of the National Medal of Science, and two winners of the National Medal of Technology and Innovation among its alumni and faculty.

 Additionally, of its current faculty, 15 are members of the National Academy of Sciences, 17 are members of the Institute of Medicine, 34 are members of the National Academy of Engineering, 92 are members of 

sponsors a variety of intercollegiate sports and competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. Members of the sports teams, the Trojans, have won 100 NCAA team championships, ranking them third in the nation, and 378 NCAA individual championships, ranking 

them second in the nation Trojan athletes have won 287 medals at the Olympic games, 87 silvers and 65 bronzes more than any other university in the United a country, it would rank 12th in most Olympic gold medal

students and athletes are known as Trojans, epitomized by the Trojan Shrine, nicknamed "Tommy Trojan", near the center of campus. Until 1912, students especially athletes were known as Fighting Methodists or , 

 After only the first few events, it seemed implausible that would ever win; however, the team fought back, winning many of the later events, to lose only by a slight margin. After this contest, Los Angeles Times 

though neither name was approved by the university. During a fateful track and field meet with Stanford University, the team was beaten early and seemingly conclusively.

sportswriter Owen Bird reported that the athletes "fought on like the Trojans of antiquity", and the president of the university at the time, George F. , approved the name officially.

On May 1, 2014, was named as one of many higher education institutions under investigation by the Office of Civil Rights for potential Title IX violations by Barack Obama's White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual 

is responsible for $4 billion in economic output in Los Angeles County; students spend $406 million yearly in the local economy and visitors to the campus add another $12.3 million.

Clemson University

Clemson  University

Clemson University s an American public, coeducational, land-grant and research university located in Clemson, South Carolina.

Founded in 1889, Clemson University consists of six colleges: Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences; Architecture, Arts and Humanities; Business and Behavioral Sciences; Engineering and Science; Health and

 Human Development, and Education.As of 2014, Clemson University enrolled a total of 17,260 

undergraduate students for the fall semester and 4,597 graduate student

 and the student/faculty ratio is The cost of in-state tuition is about $13,054 and out-of-state tuition is $30,488 US News and World Report ranks Clemson University 21st among all "national" public 

The university endeavors to become a "Top 20" public institution, undergoing a process of enhancing its graduate programs while continuing to emphasize the quality of the undergraduate experience. It has steadily 


However, some have questioned Clemson's efforts to improve its rankings. In 2009, an administrator revealed that "Clemson manipulated class sizes, artificially boosted faculty salary data and gave rival schools 

moved up the rankings for public universities from in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008 respectively: according to the U.S. News & World Report. In 2012, U.S. News & World Report ranked Clemson as the 25th top public school in the US and in 2015 the ranking improved to a tie for 21st.

low grades in the rankings' peer reputation survey", with the goal of manipulating its U.S. News & World Report ranking. Since then the administrator retracted some of her statements and the university denied any wrongdoing.

 programs have been created including interdisciplinary doctoral programs in , Communication, and Information D and Planning, Design, and the Built Environment formerly Environmental Design and Planning

The renowned Economist Robert joined the Clemson faculty in August 2008. As part of its push to enhance graduate-level education, several new ..

. Also noteworthy is a new master's degree in historic preservation, jointly offered in collaboration with the College of Charleston.

, South Carolina. will include a graduate school offering master's and doctoral degrees in automotive engineering, and offering programs focused on systems integration. The campus also includes an Information Technology Research Center being developed by BMW. BMW, Microsoft, IBM, Bosch, The 

The university's currently most ambitious academic and research endeavor is the Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research automotive and research campus located in nearby 

Company and Michelin are all major corporate partners of the CU-. Private-sector companies that have committed so far to establishing offices and/or facilities on the campus include the Society of Automotive Engineers and . Plans for the campus also include a full-scale, four-vehicle capacity rolling-road model wind tunnel.

stabilization of the H.L. , the world's first submarine to sink a ship. As of 2013, the institute is constructing a and a wind turbine test facility for $100 million, to open on November 21.

In 2004 the Restoration Institute was founded. Its mission is to "advance knowledge in integrative approaches to the restoration of historic, ecological, and urban infrastructure resources." The institute is located in North Charleston and subsume the  Commission that is currently undertaking the 


In 2011, The Princeton Review ranked Clemson #1 for town-gown relations are great, #2 for happiest students, #2 for jock schools, #3 for everyone plays intramural sports, #8 for students pack the stadiums, and #9 for best career services.

In 2012, U.S. News ranked Clemson University 3rd for having the most financial resources per student. $26,293 was spent on the average student at Clemson University.

In 2012, named Clemson University as 7th best salary returns on tuition.

University of Montana

The University of Montana often simply referred to as a public research university located in , Montana, in the United States. Founded in 1893, the university is the flagship campus of the four-campus University of Montana System and is its largest institution. 

The university calls itself a "city within a city," and contains its own restaurants, medical facilities, banking, postal services, police department, and ZIP code. The University of Montana ranks 17th in the nation and fifth among public universities in producing Rhodes Scholars, with a total of 28 such scholars.

The main campus is located at the foot of Mount Sentinel, the mountain bearing most recognizable landmark, a large hillside letter "M." It is a major source of research, continuing education, economic development and fine arts, as well as a driving force in strengthening Montana's ties with countries throughout the world.

The University of Montana's Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library houses the earliest authorized edition of the Lewis and Clark journals. Rolling Stone labelled the university the "most scenic campus in America"and Outside magazine called it "among the top 10 colleges nationally for combining academic quality and outdoor recreation"

The University of Montana has 11 Truman Scholars, 14 Goldwater Scholars and Scholars to its name.

There is debate of when "The 'M'" was first placed on Mount Sentinel. Around 1908, members of the Forestry Club forged a zigzag trail up the mountain and students

A 3/4 mile long trail with 13 switchbacks that rises 620 feet (from 3,200 feet to 3,820) from the University of Montana at the base of Mount Sentinel. The trail offers sweeping views of the city below.

carried up stones to shape the symbol of the University of Montana. Originally made of whitewashed rocks and only measuring 25 feet by 25 feet, the very first "M" was poorly constructed and ultimately replaced by a wooden "M" in 1912, which cost $18. 

When the large wooden "M" was destroyed by a blizzard in 1915, an even larger version was constructed of whitewashed granite. Once again the freshman class was tasked with annual renovation of the symbol, beginning a new tradition. Each year from then on, University of Montana freshmen made the hike up to the "M" to apply a fresh coat of whitewash and remove any weeds and grass that had grown in and around the structure.

That "M," unlike today's "M," stood upright on the face of Mount Sentinel. A larger wooden version of the "M" was built in 1913 and upkeep of the structure was formally charged to each year's freshman class.

The annual tradition ended in 1968 when a 125-by-100-foot concrete "M" was built at a cost of $4,328. Behind the decision to replace rock with concrete were maintenance issues; with the coming of the , UM students exhibited waning enthusiasm for the annual trek up the hill and for annual upkeep of the "M." 

October 9, 1919 following the fall whitewashing, the event was so popular that students have continued to light the "M" each year during Homecoming week; special beacons light up the giant letter, welcoming former students back to the University

Although the annual whitewashing went by the wayside, one tradition that lives on today is the lighting of the "M" during the University's annual Homecoming celebration each fall. Originally lit by a group of students on 

Ohio State University

The Ohio State University, commonly referred to as Ohio State or   , is a public research university in Columbus, Ohio. Founded in 1870, as a land-grant university and ninth university in Ohio with the 

Act of 1862, the university was originally known as the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College. The college began with a focus on training students in various agricultural and mechanical disciplines but was 

Along with its main campus in Columbus, Ohio State also operates a regional campus system with regional campuses in Lima, Mansfield, Marion, Newark, and Wooster.

developed into a comprehensive university under the direction of Governor Rutherford B. Hayes and in 1878 the Ohio General Assembly passed a law changing the name to "The Ohio State University" It has since grown into the third largest university campus in the United States.

The university is also home to an extensive student life program, with over 1,000 student organizations; intercollegiate, club and recreational sports programs; student media organizations and publications, fraternities and sororities; and three active student governments.

The university is a member of the Big Ten Conference for the majority of sports. The Ohio State Buckeyes men's ice hockey program competes in the Big Ten Conference, while its women's hockey program competes in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association.

 Ohio State athletic teams compete in Division I Football Bowl Subdivision for the NCAA and are known as the Ohio State Buckeyes. 

 In addition, the men's volleyball team is a member of the Midwestern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association . is one of only fourteen universities in the nation that plays Division I football and Division I ice hockey. 

Michael V. Drake, former chancellor of the University of California, Irvine, assumed the role of university president on June  

Alumni and former students have gone on to prominent careers in government, business, science, medicine, education, sports, and entertainment.

Ohio State's 1,764 acres  of main campus is approximately 2.5 miles 4.0 km north of the city's downtown. 

Four buildings are currently listed on the National Historic Places: Hale Hall originally Hall Hayes Hall, Ohio Stadium, and Hall. 

Unlike earlier Ohio state universities such as Ohio University and Miami University, which have campuses with a consistent architectural style, architecture on the Ohio State campus does not conform to a unifying theme such as Gothic revival or Georgian. 

The Thompson Library was designed in 1913 by the Boston firm of Allen and in the Italianate Renaissance Revival style, and its placement on the Oval was suggested by the Olmsted brothers who had designed New York City's Central Park. 

Instead, the buildings at Ohio State are a mix of traditional, modern and post-modern styles. The William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library, anchoring the western end of the Oval, is Ohio State library's main branch and single largest repository. 

n 2006, the Thompson Library began a $100 million renovation with the stated aims of becoming a "global benchmark twenty-first century" library while maintaining the building's classical Italian Renaissance architecture.

 Its recent acquisitions were 16th among university research libraries in North America.Ohio State's library system encompasses twenty-one libraries located on its Columbus campus. 

Overall, Ohio State operates the 18th largest university research library in North America with a combined collection of over 5.8 million volumes. Additionally, the libraries receive approximately 35,000 serial titles on a regular basis.

An additional eight branches are located at off-campus research facilities, regional campuses, and a book storage depository near campus.

Byrd as well as a significant collection of polar research materials; The Research Library, which contains the world's largest collection of medieval Slavic manuscripts on ; The Ohio State Cartoon Library & Museum, the world's largest repository of original cartoons; The Lawrence 

 In all, the Ohio State library system encompasses fifty-five branches and specialty collections. Some of the more significant collections include The Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, which contains the archives of Admiral Richard E. 

Emory University

Emory University is a private research university in metropolitan Atlanta, located in the Druid Hills section of unincorporated County, Georgia, United States.he university was founded as Emory College in 1836 in 

Oxford, Georgia by the Methodist Episcopal Church and was named in honor of Methodist bishop John In 1915, the college relocated to metropolitan Atlanta and was rechartered a

s Emory University. The university is the second-oldest private institution of higher education in Georgia and among the fifty oldest private universities in the United States.

Emory University has nine academic divisions: Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Oxford College, Business School, Graduate School, School of Law, School of Medicine, Nell 

School of Nursing, Rollins School of Public Health, and the Candler School of Theology.

Emory has a growing faculty research partnership with the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Emory University students come from all 50 states, 5 territories of the United States, and over 100 foreign countries.

Emory University, the Georgia Institute of Technology, and Peking University in Beijing, China jointly administer the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Engineering.The university operates the Confucius Institute in Atlanta in partnership with Nanjing University.

Emory Healthcare is the largest healthcare system in the state of Georgia and comprises seven major hospitals, including the internationally renowned Emory University Hospital and Emory University Hospital Midtown.The university 

operates Institute, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and many disease and vaccine research university is one of four institutions involved in the Tuberculosis Research Units Program and is the leading coordinator of the U.S. Health Department's National Ebola Training and Education Center. 

The International Association of National Public Health Institutes is headquartered at the the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Cancer Society are national affiliate institutions located adjacent to the campus. The university is partnered with the Carter 

Emory University research is funded primarily by federal government agencies, namely the National Institutes of 1995 Emory University was elected to the Association of American Universities, an association of the 62 leading research universities in the United States & Canada

Emory University is 16th among the list of colleges and universities in the United States by among universities in the world by endowment,and 21st in U.S. News & World Report's 2016 National Universities Rankings.

Emory University has a Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education status of"very high research activity" and is cited for high scientific performance and citation impact in the Leiden Ranking. 

during the Second World War and served in the North African Campaign and Europe. To recognize Emory’s participation in the war effort, a ship was christened M.S. Emory Victory and served through World War II and in the Korean War.


On April 6, 1917 the United States entered the First World War. Emory University organized a medical unit, composed of medical school faculty and medical alumni, that would be known as Emory Unit, Base Hospital 

43. The unit served in , France from July 1918 to January 1919. The Emory Unit, Base Hospital 43 was 
In the , Emory University students, alumni, and faculty served in the Asia-Pacific War and European theater of World War II. Bobby during the Battle of Normandy.Dr. Alfred A. , a professor of surgery at Emory University School of Medicine, was a prisoner of war of the Empire of Japan between 1942 and 1945.


 His memoir "Barbed Wire Surgeon" is considered one of the finest accounts concerning allied prisoners under Japanese captivity and highlights the abuses of the war graduated from the Candler School of 



negotiated his release. Emory helped the nation prepare for war by participating in the Navy College Training Program and Army Specialized Training Program, programs designed to supplement the force of 


Theology in 1940 and is portrayed in John Hersey's able to organize the Hiroshima Maidens reconstructive surgery program based on the associations he made while studying in the United , a Japanese student at the Candler School of Theology, was placed under arrest temporarily until Dean Henry Burton 

commissioned officers in the United States Navy and United States Army. The Candler School of Theology trained men for military chaplaincy. During the war, university enrollment boasted two military students for 


every one civilian. Emory University alumni would go on to serve in the Korean War, Second Indochina War  Persian Gulf War, Yugoslav Wars, and the Global War on Terrorism.

Vanderbilt University

Today, Vanderbilt enrolls approximately 12,000 students from all 50 U.S. states and over 90 foreign countries in four undergraduate and six graduate and professional schools.  

Vanderbilt University  is a private research university located in Nashville, Tennessee, founded in 1873. The university is named in honor of shipping and rail magnate Cornelius, who provided the school its initial $1 million endowment despite having never been to the South.

 Vanderbilt hoped that his gift and the greater work of the university would help to heal the sectional wounds inflicted by the Civil War.

 With the exception of the off-campus observatory and satellite medical clinics, all of the university's facilities are situated on its campus in of Nashville, 1.5 miles from downtown. Despite its urban surroundings, the campus itself is a national arboretum and features over 300 different species of trees and shrubs.

Several research centers and institutes are affiliated with the university, including the Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy Studies, Freedom Forum First Amendment Center, Dyer Observatory, and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, the only Level I trauma center in Middle Tennessee.

In 1979, Vanderbilt acquired its neighbor, Peabody 

 Vanderbilt University was an early financial backer of the Corrections Corporation of America prior to its 

on the present value of the United Daughters of the Confederacy's contribution if the inscription bearing the name "Confederate Memorial Hall" was removed from the building or altered.

In 2002 the university decided to rename Confederate Memorial Hall, a residence hall on the Peabody campus to Memorial Hall. Nationwide attention resulted, in part due to a lawsuit by the Tennessee chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, who had helped pay for the building's construction in 1933 with a $50,000 contribution.

The Davidson County Chancery Court dismissed the lawsuit in 2003, but the Tennessee Court of Appeals ruled in May 2005 that the university must pay damages based 

and all university publications and offices will refer to it solely as Memorial Hall, the university would neither appeal the matter further, nor remove the inscription and pay damages

The Court of Appeals' decision has been critiqued by legal scholars.In late July 2005, the university announced that although it had officially renamed the building 

In 2009, Vanderbilt instituted a no-loan policy. The policy states that any student granted admission and a need-based aid package will have an award that includes no student loans.

 in five sub-Saharan African countries, including Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The revelation made international headlines, with coverage in The 

In 2011, the Oakland Institute, an Oakland, think tank, exposed Vanderbilt University's US$26 million investment in Asset Management, 

a private equity of 'land grabbing,' or taking over agricultural land used by local communities through exploitative practices and using it for commercial export farming ...

Guardian, and led to student protests on campus in 2013, Vanderbilt administrators had caved in to the public outcry and divested from 

Conflicts escalated after James H. Kirkland was appointed chancellor in 1893.Then the Southern Methodist Church congregations raised just $50,000 in a campaign to raise $300,000.

During the first 40 years, the Board of Trust, and therefore the university, was under the control of the General the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.Tension grew between the university administration and the 

Conference over the future of the school, particularly over the methods by which members of the Vanderbilt Board of Trust would be chosen, and the extent that non-Methodists could teach at the school

The Methodist Church took the issue to court and won at the local level. On March 21, 1914, the Tennessee Supreme Court ruled that the Commodore, and not the Methodist Church, was the university's founder and that the board could therefore seat whomever it wished

In 1905, the Board of Trust voted to limit Methodist representation on the board to just five bishops.Former faculty member and bishop Elijah Holed a group attempting to assert Methodist control.In 1910, the board refused to seat three Methodist bishops.

The General Conference in 1914 voted  140 to sever its ties with Vanderbilt; it also voted to establish a new university, Southern Methodist University, and to greatly expand Emory University